I've heard the endless tape loop of Reverend Wright, and I can't help but come back to one thought: I really haven't done enough reading or research about AIDS to know its origins and I'm not one for conspiracy theories although they are entertaining, but a lot of Wright's other laments some sense to me. A few others struck me as over-the-top[, but so what? He preaches. He's not an electrical-engineer. Or a judge. It damned well isn't "fair" in America. I realize that while it's not "fair" anywhere at any time -- you're at Stanford, I'm on the street corner...I get it -- with regard to other forms of colonial slavery, most other Western nations were far, far "fairer" than the USA/CSA was and thus the aftermaths outside the US have not been as toxic.
While a relationship with Wright is tactically bad for Obama in retrospect now, it might have been morally, strategically and tactically correct at the time. I also see no advantage for Obama now to do the immoral thing and cast Wright away in the hopes of regaining a fawining media which is not coming back if he stood on his head and spit nickels, to quote a favorite expression of Kelsos-mere et pere.
This is going to be a rough ride and is going to piss a lot of people off so I'm going to ease gently into the subject.
Affirmative-Action is a perfect jumping off point. Personally, I favor a slave-descendent reparations program (I'll get to that) and a strong need-based affirmative action hiring model. But affirmative action makes the goyim and toomany of my folk absolutely crazy. I don't get that at all. Even if there were a hard-quota system in higher education, and you were a White middle-class middle-American college bound HS student there's a very simple way to equalize any disadvange to you of a race-based quota system: APPLY TO ONE MORE COLLEGE. That's it. Statistically and stochastically you have solved your problem. But Bakke ensures that there's no hard-quota system anyway, so what is everyone so uptight about?
For middle American white families who worry about the economic effects of any affirmative action in hiring or immigration problems, and whose kids may or may not be on a success track, I have another very easy and inexpensive way to solve that problem: if you have young children STOP ABUSING THEM AND START READING TO THEM AND PLAYING BOARD GAMES AND SPORTS WITH THEM. The results are amazing with no more than 20 minutes per day effort.
But I really have no desire to defy STARFLEET'S PRIME DIRECTIVE. I am afraid that American culture is going to have to figure this out on its own.
In for a penny. In for a pound. Reparations. Unthinkable, right? Wrong. The Swiss paid the Jews cash money and those other assets which could be found. The Russians paid the citizens of the FSU and statellite states in real property. Are the Swiss and Russians so much more advanced and humane than White America is? Scratch that. That was stupid.
The reparations argument is a fairly straight forward one. Let's keep the math really simple. Assume since the formation of the Union there have been 5mm Afrian and African-American slaves working an average of 125 hours per week for an "average" of 90 years. And everything became perfectly "fair" by 1870. And that that they were paid 50c/hr in 2008 USD with no interest.
Do you realize how large a number that is? It is $10.25 trillion dollars. Yes, more than the entire debt of the USA.
I've left out compound interest, the externalities of free-labor and technology, a more realistic wage, a larger slave population.
I've left out the Jim Crow laws. I've left out segregation. I've left out health, wealth and punishment disparities that linger.
I've left out taxes and torts.
I've left out the possibility of Black wealth accumluation and investment.
I've left out about 20 other things.
The right number is not one you can even conceptualze. The present value of 40-acres-and-a-mule is an astronomical figure.
Yet, affirmative action is political suicide. And all three major political candidates believe that "welfare reform" and the "mending not ending of affirmative action" has been completed and we're all square. Amazing.
I do understand that neither the Swiss nor Russian solutions were anywhere near complete and those were way easier problems to confront. Germany is a whole other story -- a lot more like my reparations argument but we'll pick that one up at a later date.
So, no I have no fantasies that anything like reparations of slave descendents will ever happen in the USA, but I have some ideas on how to pay for it. A VAT and a flat-tax with Northern and post-1870 immigrant exclusions, perhaps. A sharp cut in Imperial, I mean, defense, allocation. A dismatling of the national security state. A demilitarizaiton of law enforcement, prosecution, and corrections. Perhaps, some new PRIVACY laws that might encourage financial institutions to WANT to pay a corporate tax surcharge. That's all political poison, too. I'm dreaming aloud.
At least maybe America's goal in exchange for not doing anything I've proposed is to at the very least cease making its citizen's lives worse.
Thanks, Doctor. You got me away from fretting about Tampa Bay baseball.
Maybe some NCAA stuff tomorow to lighten things up?
Kelso's Nuts love you
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
22 comments:
It's hard to justify to a descendant of Irish immigrants, who had their own problems when they arrived here after slavery was abolished, that he must pay reparations for something evil perpetrated by others. It's like expecting Roman Catholic churchgoers to pay for the dalliances of priests. Oh, they do expect that, don't they?
Reparations? Is this a joke post?
A few obvious questions arise.
Who's eligible? All black US citizens?
Who pays? All white US citizens?
What does Obama do? Move the money from his right pocket to his left?
What about his wife?
As for comparisons elsewhere in the world. Yes, as I know you know, some Jews were compensated for the Holocaust by Germany. The Swiss did cough up some cash. But only because their version of Don't Ask, Don't Tell eventually failed.
The Swiss banking strategy was If Jews don't ask about their money, don't tell them it's here. And then they went off yodelling in the Alps.
Meanwhile, the reparations lunacy ignores more than 40 years of welfare payments, free or cheap housing and food stamps.
As for your estimate of the damages, you shot too high on the number of slaves.
At the start of the Civil War the population of the US was 30 million. About 3 million were slaves. Not 5 million.
Regarding an assessment of their economic value, again, I think you shot too high. The South was collapsing economically, dependent, as it was on gathering most of its revenue from exporting agricultural products.
What does it matter? Reparations will never happen, though there is an organizing body that continues to push for a huge transfer of wealth from whites to blacks to absolve America of its original sin.
If Obama is nominated and if this topic becomes part of the campaign, it will ensure Obama's loss in the biggest landslide in US history. McCain would win with a margin that would have impressed George Washington.
Meanwhile, kelso you reminded readers of Jim Crow laws, but ignored laws and practices that had the same effect on Jews. Restriction practices that kept Jews out of hotels, choice apartment buildings and affluent neighborhoods. And school quotas.
When my brother-in-law attended Stuyvesant High School, the student body was 50% Jewish, more than 40% other whites and less than 10% everyone else (black, hispanic, other).
Today, Stuyvesant is 50% asian, more than 40% white and less than 10% everybody else.
What does that asian dominance say about college acceptance practices? It says the same thing Jewish dominance said in past generations -- quotas are needed to limit the numbers of these overachievers.
Not that I've taken a close look, but do any major sports colleges put white guys on the basketball court to improve the racial balance of the team?
Meanwhile, there are a number of colleges identified as "black colleges" that operate with the aim of admitting blacks rather than whites. That's okay by me.
The big issue is the virtual absence of black students who study science and math. There is a void. It's a problem.
Told you to keep your seat belts fastened. You were warned.
I'm offering my opinion and don't care to argue how many angels can dance on the head of a pin because even a left wing Democrat risks political suicide by even discussing the uses of affirmative action. None of this is going to happen anytime soon.
And Slappzie I am a Jew. I have great respect for my elders who did no matter what it took to get me to the point of being a well-educated and a productive American and then for the sake of Bill Frist's campaign I got invited to do my business elsewhere. No problem. Buh-bye.
So, you'll pardon me if I have a different take on the issue.
"Powerful African-American interests" never disrupted my life and my relationships with Black people in America have been either as friends, acquaintances or strangers.
They're just folks to me, son. Some are great. Some are assholes. The vast majority are neutral just like every other group including stamp collectors.
But nothing's happening until slavery is accounted for. Thankfully, I'll leave you and Bill Frist to fight the other side. Me? I'm happy right where I am.
You have a bit of an obesession in this area, I think. I don't know if I'd go so far as to say that you're a racist but if it don't jell it ain't aspic, and this ain't jelling. I'm not Freud but there's something that's not quite well like "normal" behind your words. And I would prefer NOT TO KNOW what it is.
I respectfully decline to offer my opinions to this. I am un-buckling my seat belt and leaving the park now...with all deliberate speed.
I remain in awe that you tackled it. I still love and desire you!
Reparations to Jews were absurdly low, I'd be surprised if its was more than 2c on the dollar. Just recently I inquired to the German consulate about getting my German citizenship since they threw out my family, and it was clear they were going to make it as difficult as possible. It's all PR.
Once we open the door, how about the Indians? Latest estimates is that there were 20 million at least when the Europeans arrived, and 80% were wiped out by imported disease that their "naive" immune systems couldn't handle. Is that "reparable" or not?
Gary'sBoner: I'll discuss this with you as friends in the virtual pub. It's something we've discussed a zillion times before and we're pretty comfotable busting each others' balls as we've been doing it for 22 years. Where we take this would just be too weird even for Blogovia.
If you have skype, we can settle the world that way while you're in Europe and when you get back we'll shoot the shit over the phone. I've got a very cheap internet phone service. I tried to call in to the game last time and say hi to everybody but I was too late. I just got Ted's voice mail. Next time.
LOVEBABZ: Thanks for stopping by. Nicely finessed pun by the way. Well done. You get 3 bells. I respect anyone who reads and chooses to keep their own counsel. I respect anyone who reads and offers any opinion,which is why I'LL NEVER EVER EVER CENSOR ANYONE HERE. It's a open space for all opinions.
My only wish is that if people get angry with one another here or with me that we all settle it quickly because I get great readers from everywhere (though still too fuckin few) and everyone adds something. There's a great saying here: "Mejor mal arreglo que buen pleito." There's no exact translation but in context it means "Better a bad handshake than a good cop."
I'm flattered that you feel this way about my taking on the subject -- it wasn't that daring, believe me. Pretty conventional really.
I'm going to flatter myself by BELIEVING the last part! I haven't done any quantitative analysis of the "love list" but you're up to around 90 or so, no? I doubt if I score 40!
I felt like I had to do something out-there today because I didn't get much in the way of response on a nice boring subject like baseball.
I'll probably follow through and do the next post on college hoops. I believe that TS and I are headed for an emotional show down in the semis. I'm pretty cold blooded about sports because betting is my business but there are four teams that make me insane: I love the NEW YORK METS and I hate RUDY GIULIANI'S GIRLS (i.e., the NEW YORK YANKEES) and I love both UCLA football and basketball. Winning or losing big bets I just take in stride. I go beserk about those 4 teams. The only one that doesn't make me cry is UCLA basketball but somehow I feel like I'm headed for a big disappointment next week.
Let me amend one remark. I will either censor or be very cruel to anyone who writes something on the order of "if you or your family didn't do anything wrong you don't have anything to hide."
Serious as an ulcer about that.
Kelso, I'll tell you what I find so fascinating about discussions of race and the problems races have within the ranks and between groups.
It's the thing that is identified as the chief element in every situation.
Political Correctness has dominated this discussion for way too long. It is impolitic to suggest the black drug user is at fault for his problems. However, one will find plenty of agreement when blaming that drug user's problems on the legacy of slavery.
Bottom line: there's always an external force or influence that is cited as the root cause of black problems. Very much the same claim is made by muslims.
There are two great books on the subject, both written by Jim Sleeper -- Liberal Racism and The Closest of Strangers. And another one titled The Arabs, by Edward Atiyah.
The question of eligibility remains. Who gets the reparations cash?
Records of slaves are incomplete at best, and probably closer to non-existent.
Then there's the issue of who pays?
You postulate that a VAT plus a flat tax with exemptions going to Northerners and post Civil War immigrants. You've let most of the population off the hook.
Like I said, the population in 1860 was 30 million, including 3 million slaves. We're over 300 million today.
But in the end, I think you're joking.
N_s:
I told you that I'm not arguing with you about how many angels can dance on the head of a pin.
But I'm definitely not joking. It's a discussion that's worth having.
As is the eligibility of any other group which feels it has a claim. That was perhaps the most brilliant part of Obama's speech on race and you know I'm hardly an Obama-lover.
Look if you can make a case that being Jewish has harmed you materially in America, go for it. I can just as easily make a case that as a humanist Jew I didn't quality for the juicy stipend and free house on the golf course in the Gaza settlement and I was "injured." I had really looked forward to getting $500k for nothing, a free house, and don the kippah and tallith and tfillim on my Jack Nicklaus course hard by the Palestinias in tar-paper shacks.
I actually DO think that a lot of the militias and radical White separatists have a claim as well but for different reasons having to do with social class, a different kind of bigotry, and a peculiar invasion of privacy.
How Cotton Mather is an American hero and David Koresh is a loon is beyond me. To me they're the same.
I've read enough of Jim Sleeper in the paper to last a lifetime. I'm in no hurry to read more. I don't dig him. I suppose I get where he's coming from but it's not a place I come from.
If you are suggesting that I'm a "liberal racist," I beg to differ. I may be an "anarchist racist," a "libertarian racist," or a "syndicalist/populist racist," but a liberal racist? NEVAH! My social views are far too left wing and my views on money and markets are too right wing for me to qualify as a "liberal."
But it's a hell of a interesting topic, no? And you've definitely proven one of my poits -- people get absolutely crazed-up on this subject. which is exactly why I like it.
I like that it's offensive to you on so very many levels, also. It absolutely cracks me up that I've hung out with ultra-right Neo-nazis twice in my life: in Madrid whne I was having beer with a friend and he ran into a few FUERZA NUEVA guys he'd gone to HS with. They joined us and we all bar-hopped most of the night and I made no secret of my ancestry and beliefs. And you know what? I had a good time. When I was living in LA, I drove down to Islandia to go fishing with the boyfriend of some girl whose mother I had been friendly with in NYC. This guy was an Iraq I vet, drove a truck for Arrowhead Water and knew a bunch of Aryans in El Cajon. So, after fishing we drove over there and hung out for a few hours getting high, drinking bourbon and talking shit. Again, I hid nothing and had a great time. I expressed exactly how I felt about all of this. I think my small size and ability to eat handfuls of vicodins and drink Wild Turkey 101 from the bottle kind of proved my bona fides and once they realized I wasn't a PC scold they relaxed and were pretty interested in what I thought.
And had lots of kind of sweetly sincere questions given the Harleys and the tattooed tears and all that shit: about whether as a Jew I considered myself White, what I thought about welfare, criminal justice, etc.
I'd say that you cop a way more aggressive attitude with me about identity than these two groups of far-rightists did. And we're both Jewish. Crazy old world. Go figga.
No_slappz:
Please do me one favor and don't write again that I must be joking about this because I'm not joking. I understand how politically unrealistic it is, but I think it's an important issue to put up for discussion at the very least.
To you, it's the height of stupidity because you have your own trip about Black folks and that's fine. I told you I don't want to know anything personal about you in that regard.
I'm going to do something I'd prefer not to but because I'm dedicated to having an open discussion without censorship on this blog I have to do this.
You'll agree I'm sure that a boy learns to be a man from his dad. My dad had the whole world on his shoulders in a very baroque and profound way from about age 11 onward. For reasons I can't get into he was all but ex-communicated from every Jewish institution in his neighborhood in the Bronx. After he was bar mitzvah, he came very close to killing the rabbi with his bare hands, ok? And no it had nothing to do with molesting because knowing my old man if some perverted rabbi laid a hand on him, even at 10 or 11 my father would certainly have killed him, disfigured him, or gotten all the neighborhood men to put the guy in the ground.
OK, so very odd circumstances land him in Naval Intelligence in Virginia during the Korean War. He's the only Jew in his unit. He's lucky for two reasons. He had played one season for the Yankees in the minors and then cut, but he was still by far the best player on the unit's team. My father was a voracious reader and his commmanding officer was a guy with literary pretensions so he took an interest in making sure my old man didn't get sent overseas and could just do his 2 and go to college.
He was the only Northerner in the unit. And as baseball captain and a favorite of the lieutenant he had the unenviable task of trying to keep a newly integrated NI unit from having an all-out race war. Still, he used to like to go to Richmond to spend time with his first cousin. But when his cousin was away he was all alone. Except for the Black kids from Richmond who were the only ones who'd hang out with him in off-time, invite him to their families' homes for weekend dinners, etc. My old man loved going to Richmond so it worked out perfectly.
His is not a story of great PC liberal "helping" the lowly Black man. Hardly, he was a depressed and angry neighborhood kid. In many ways, he was lower down on the pecking order than any of the Black kids because they had a group,numbers, in the unit and my father had himself and his skills. So, despite everything he was the "other." And he was grateful for those invitations to eat with his Black unit mates' invitations to Richmond. You could say he was a White man who needed and got a --yes -- HANDOUT from a group of Black kids his age who had no resason to do it other than that they liked him and he knew his way around Richmond.
So, his was never the "bootstraps" view of Black people. He considered himself lucky to be included in their weekends because no White in his unit would dare bring a NY Jew to dinner at their parents house no matter how poor they were. And certainly not a "nigger-lover" likehim. Among the whites he was only in good odor when they were playing ball or when the lieutenant was around.
And Naval Intelligence was really the key for him to turn his life around he has always appreciated that he was welcome in "Black Richmond." So his view and my view because of being his son has never been one of "what's wrong with these people? Why the 'culture of dependency'? Why don't they pull themselves up by their bootstraps because it's all race blind now?" He is unable to view the world that way because of Richmond. He felt like he'd gotten a handout in a way he hadn't earned that got him through what could have been a very lonely experience. And knowing my old man the way I do, the last thing he or society needed was him getting out of the Navy more depressed, alienated and angry.
But don't view it as a social experiment on either side. He and his unit guys and his cousin when he was around just did the normal things in Richmond that young men do. They got wasted and chased women and cleaned up in time for the meals. I came to understand what a crossroads just in terms of his life NI was.
And I was born not terribly long after that.
So, this view of his of his having been in a sense "below" the Black kids in his unit stayed with him.
This is the "image" I've carried with me forever. I have no idea what might have happened if he was isolated most of the time for two years at that precarious age but him either killing someone in a bar fight or getting killed or paralyzed would not have been out of the question.
You approach this from a sense of superiority. My Dad dealt with things as they were: a zillion White Southerners, one Jew (him) and 5 Blacks. INFERIORITY. POWERLESSNESS. So, he was fucking grateful to have a social life and a sense of belonging.
So, the Kelsos don't DO lecturing nor political correctness nor condesencion nor Whigger bullshit. Just to fucking relax about the whole thing always has been the message from my parents.
I've written more than I intended to but you have a terrible tendency to lecture and hector and assume shit in this binary way of right and wrong and to assume that everyone should just see things your way. Well, I can't because my father is my role-model.
Look, maybe you're a neo-con and that's cool if you're cool with it. But it's not what I am even though I'm Jewish and I have a couple of bucks. I don't know what I am really. Truth is right now all I am is an exile.
So, please stop assuming that there's some blind spot I have. I don't have any blind spots. I have my way of seeing things is all which is not yours. Believe me, I could easily lecture you about your needing to "take personal responsibility" and "pull yourself by your bootstraps." And if we played big-bank-take-little-bank I'd have everything you own. And you wouldn't like it. So, just be who you are. That's fine. Just don't tell me who I have to be. Or what I have to think.
Mybe you're right about all this and maybe not. But as I told you about how I view US criminaljustice, this is a blood thing not an intellectual thing becauee no one knows "the truth" about anything. So, that's it from me to you on this subject. YOu may write anything you like.
Kelso, I am going to keep it brief with a simple question.
Why do people like no_slappz always find excuses to not work out a situation?
It seems that all we ever do is agree to disagree in both our personal and political lives. Rather than work to find common ground and understanding, we look for excuses to propagate a system of living that has failed. Argument, especially, the heated kind is forbidden.
But what is argument without passion? How can one break through to the matters that really bind us if we're not willing to go through the pain of shedding the emotion from the thought. For Pete's sake, we're willing to work to peel fruit to eat what's good, why not work to peel the fruit of life?
Great post, 'mano. I'm inspired.
kelso, the story of your father's temporary adoption by the black community of Richmond has great strength. His experience showed how it is possible to open someone's eyes to a world that was always there but never before felt or truly seen until a condition or circumstances caused the onset of an awakening. Meanwhile, in another post you mentioned he had written a novel, thus it would not surprise me if his experience in Richmond were part of that narrative.
The other day I was reading some Joseph Conrad. One of his most popular stories: Youth. As the narrator shows, we are transformed by experiences in those important years, which often end too soon, when the human clay begins to lose its malleability.
It's also worth inserting here that I was reminded of the opening of Thomas Pynchon's V when your father appeared in Richmond with the Navy. That started me thinking about Richard Price's great Bronx tale, The Wanderers.
All the literary connections aside, these things have a funny way of happening. I have a story of my own that fits into this discussion and maybe I'll share a little of it here. Seems like the place.
SPARTACUS: I don't know the man personally, so I can't speculate. From his posting on various sites, I know that he's bright and well-read but has a point of view that is 180 degrees from mine on the subject of race, ethnicity, identity, whatever. His intelligence and facility make it easy for him to assume a posture of superiority with no room for discussion.
I enjoy the gamesmanship in all this, but at heart I'm a diplomat who recognizes that life is short and the body is weak, so why invent problems when the limitations of the natural human condition are such bastard problems?
MEJOR MAL ARREGLO QUE BUEN PLEITO!
So, look, I'm willing to open up a little and share some of the things that inform my ideology or lack of it. I've written about my father, but my mother's story may be more bixarre if that's possible. And she's a bar of iron.
It comes down to that, really, because there's enough scholarship out there that a well-read, deft person can "win" with any argument. Look, Ted Olsen's a very bright guy, and he was completely and utterly wrong from my point of view and he put a President into office against the peoples' will! Talk about a "MAL PLEITO"!
I don't know why Olsen or Buckley for that matter have or had the views they do despite their formidable intelligence. They have their own stories, I'm sure.
Thanks for appreciating what I wrote.
No_slappz: This space is open to you to write whatever you like, just so long as it's part of the "handshake" and not "cop" process.
[My father published three novels and many short stories and has written many more. Go, Navy!]
kelso, if you haven't read it, I recommend Philip Roth's, The Human Stain.
Your father seems to have Rothian qualities.
I read it and liked it very much.
There is an interesting incident in The Human Stain, a segment of the dialogue between Nathan Zuckerman and Ernestine, Coleman Silk's sister. They meet after Silk's death and she tells Zuckerman about Coleman. Near the end of the book.
Then she digresses into an anecdote about a real person. Dr. Charles Drew, a black doctor who developed a method for preventing the clotting of blood. It was then possible to store blood. Dr Drew is the father of the blood bank. True story.
She tells the story of his death. Of the fatal irony that came after a car accident involving Dr Drew and three other black doctors on their way to a meeting.
They crashed, and Dr Drew began bleeding. An ambulance arrived, but the first hospital would not take black patients so they were forced to drive to another. However, Dr Drew bled to death before they arrived.
Here's the fascinating part. Though Dr Drew was the black doctor who developed the blood bank, and he did die from injuries received in a car accident.
But the point of the story -- to pin the blame for his death on racism -- is false. An urban myth.
The other doctors survived and have debunked the myth. No matter. It lives on. It is deathless.
Does Roth know the story he put in Ernestine's mouth is phony? Did he use this myth to show how people will believe anything that appears to support their agendas?
Or. Has Roth too been taken in by this hoax? Or. Is Roth deliberately tricking his readers?I may write him and ask.
N-s:
I'm not the world's biggest Roth scholar nor his biggest fan. Some stuff I liked (Portnoy's Complain, Goodbye Columbus, The Human Stain) some I couldn't abide (Operation Shylock) most fall in between.
No opinon on this question. Roth is a clever guy. I wouldn't put anything past him one way or the other.
Got any urban myths that don't cast Black people in a bad light, buddy? Didn't think so.
I've got two urban myths for you, though: THE CULTURE OF DEPENDENCY and "THE BELL CURVE" (not the Gaussian distribution which works a charm, I mean the book by those hijosputa Murray and Scumbagstein).
And I'll smash another urban myth if you like: Giuliani=crime fighter. Better results from Norm Rice and Wellinton Webb without the bullshit.
But look, Spartacus or somebody...take over arguing this race thing here...
I got to go to Centro Atlapa to see Vasquez prep for his attempt to recapture the belt from Sakata, plus three other promising super-flys: Rafael Concepcion, Ricardo "El Matematico" Nunez, and Luis Concepcion, plus the main event, a really promising welterweight named Nilson Tapia fight some young undefeated Colombian club-fighter named Milton Nunez.
Colombian boxing is just an abbatoir. A young fighter could come in with the body of a 27 year old or could come in a wreck at 19.No one ever knows.
Dale, ARANA!
kelso, I haven't read the Culture of Dependency, but I did put some effort into The Bell Curve.
I've always thought that people who challenge what appears to be the book's premise are actually mistaken about its key point.
In sum, Murray concludes there is a correlation between people who obtain lower-than-average scores on IQ tests and well being in life.
But critics seem to miss the big point. Critics make the mistake of equating IQ SCORES with actual intellectual potential.
Murray made the point that he correlated IQ SCORES with "success" in life. He did not claim IQ scores were an accurate measure of anyone's intellectual horsepower. Rather, they showed the general level of mental fitness of the taker, an easily improved condition in many cases.
spartacus, you asked the following question...
Why do people like no_slappz always find excuses to not work out a situation?
What excuse have I ever given in any discussion that opposes "working out a situation?"
hooray, your writings on theater and writing much missed!
Post a Comment